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  CHAPTER II – TENSE PATTERNS UNIT I – THE PRESENT SIMPLE AND PRESENT PROGRESSIVE Activity 1 a. The boy next door is watering the plants now, but he normally does it in the evening. b. My sister is playing badminton now, but she does not play here every day. c. My brother is searching for his pen. He often misplaces it. d. We are getting ready to go to school; we go to school every morning. e. I usually enjoy reading books, but I am not enjoying this one very much. f. My grandfather rarely carries an umbrella, but he is carrying one now because there are dark clouds in the sky. g. I am sorry, but you can’t see the Minister. He is sleeping still, although he usually wakes up very early. h. Hari is doing his homework still. His brother, who always works very fast, is playing in the garden. Activity 2 1. Father is having a shave, but he usually goes for a walk at this time. 2. Mother is watching TV, but she usually cooks dinner at this time. 3. My uncle is reading th...

    Activity 11: Use a / an or the , where required, in the blank spaces below   a. Question: My uncle lives in _________ small house in ___________ remote  village. There is _________ beautiful garden behind _________  house. _________ garden has many rare plants.   Answer: My uncle lives in a small house in a remote village. There is a beautiful garden behind the house. The garden has many rare plants.   b. Question: There are two bags on the table; __________ white one and  ________ yellow one. _________ white one belongs to my friend  but I don't know who ______________ owner of ________ yellow  one is.   Answer: There are two bags on the table; the white one and the yellow one.  The white one belongs to my friend but I don't know who the owner  of the yellow one is.   ---   c. Question: My friend witnessed ____________ accident this morning.  ______________ truck...

  CHAPTER I – COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS Key Points / Summary 1. Countable Nouns   Refer to things that can be counted.      ➤ Example: pen, apple, chair, car    Can be singular or plural.      ➤ a pen / two pens    Can use a/an, one, two, many, few, etc. 2. Uncountable Nouns   Refer to substances or ideas that cannot be counted.      ➤ rice, sugar, water, music, advice      Have no plural form ( ✗ rices, ✗ sugars).      Take some, a little, much, a lot of, etc. 3. Using Quantity Expressions      We use quantifiers to talk about amounts.      ➤ some rice, a little sugar, a lot of water   4. Units / Containers for Uncountable Nouns Some fixed phrases express a countable unit of an uncountable noun:      ➤ a bottle of milk, a bar of chocolate, a loaf of br...

  Pointwise Summary with Odia Translation 1. Diversifying tasks increases workers’ self-esteem, motivation, and teamwork.    କାମର ବିଭିନ୍ନତା କରିବା ଦ୍ୱାରା କର୍ମଚାରୀମାନଙ୍କର ଆତ୍ମସମ୍ମାନ, ପ୍ରେରଣା ଏବଂ ଦଳୀୟ ଭାବନା ବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଏ। 2. The author’s driver is always ready to work, even at night, because he feels respected.    ଲେଖକଙ୍କ ଡ୍ରାଇଭର ରାତିରେ ମଧ୍ୟ କାମ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ ରହେ କାରଣ ସେ ନିଜକୁ ସମ୍ମାନିତ ଭାବେ ମନେ କରେ। 3. Good teams often fall apart because people don’t want to play secondary roles.    ଭଲ ଦଳମାନେ ପ୍ରାୟତଃ ଭଙ୍ଗିଯାନ୍ତି କାରଣ ଲୋକେ ଦ୍ୱିତୀୟ ଭୂମିକାରେ ରହିବାକୁ ଚାହୁଁନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ। 4. In India, it is difficult to find people who can accept defeat gracefully.    ଭାରତରେ ହାର କୁ  ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିପାରିବା ଲୋକମାନେ ଦୁର୍ଲଭ। 5. People should learn to move on after losing instead of wasting time and energy.    ଲୋକମାନେ ହାରିଗଲେ ସମୟ ଓ ଶକ୍ତି ବ୍ୟୟ କରିବା ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତେ ଆଗକୁ ବଢ଼ିବା ଶିଖିବା ଉଚିତ। 6. India has diversity in culture, religion, and caste, which should make teamwork stron...