Subject-Verb Agreement Part-3

 Rule 6


ଯେତେବେଳେ ଦୁଇ କିମ୍ବା ତାହାଠାରୁ ଅଧିକ nouns ଭିନ୍ନ-ଭିନ୍ନ Number ର ଥାଆନ୍ତି (ଅର୍ଥାତ କିଛି Plural ଓ କିଛି Singular) ତେବେ Verb ହେବା Plural noun  ପାଖରେ ରହିବ ଏବଂ plural subject ଅନୁଯାଇ verb ହେବ

ଯେପରିକି:


(a) Neither the Principal nor the teachers were present in the function.


(b) Either Ramesh or his friends have stolen the watch.


(c) Ramesh or his friends are abusing him.




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Rule 7


ଯଦି ଦୁଇ କିମ୍ବା ଅଧିକ Subjects – Either ...or, Neither...nor ଦ୍ୱାରା ଯୋଡ଼ାଯାଏ ଏବଂ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ଭିନ୍ନ-ଭିନ୍ନ person ରୁପେ ଦର୍ଶାଯାଏ, ତେବେ Verb ହେବା ଉଚିତ Person ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ଯେଉଁ subject ସବୁଠୁ ନିକଟରେ ଅଛି:

ଯେପରିକି:


(a) Either you or I am to go there.


(b) Neither he nor you are to attend them.


(c) You or Ramesh is responsible for the loss.


(d) He or I am to go there.




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Rule 8


ଯେତେବେଳେ Collective nouns ଯେପରି: Committee, Army, Crowd, Mob, Society, Assembly, Parliament, Council, Crew, Staff, Jury, Fleet, Majority etc. ଏକ unit ଭାବେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରେ – ତେବେ Singular Verb ବ୍ୟବହାର ହୁଏ:

ଯେପରିକି:


(a) The Parliament has passed the bill.


(b) Army was deployed at the border.


(c) The fleet has reached the port.


(d) The Assembly is in session now-a-days.


(e) The mob moves towards Parliament.


(f) The jury has taken a unanimous decision.



Note: ଯଦି collective noun ଏକ unit ଭାବେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ନ କରି, ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଲୋକ/ସଦସ୍ୟଙ୍କୁ ଦର୍ଶାଏ, ତେବେ Plural verb ବ୍ୟବହାର ହୁଏ:

ଯେପରିକି:


(a) The committee are divided over the proposal.


(b) The jury are divided in opinion.


(c) The audience were getting bored.




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Rule 9


ଯଦି ଗୋଟିଏ Plural noun ଏକ ନିଶ୍ଚିତ quantity କିମ୍ବା amount କୁ ଏକ unit ଭାବେ ଦର୍ଶାଏ, ତେବେ Verb ସିଂଗୁଲାର ହୁଏ:

ଯେପରିକି:


(a) Five kilograms is not a heavy weight.


(b) Hundred rupees is a big amount for him.


(c) Six miles is not a long distance.



କିନ୍ତୁ ଯଦି ଏହି Plurality ଉପରେ ଗଭୀର ଜୋର ଦିଆଯାଏ, ତେବେ Verb ହୁଏ Plural:


(a) Five years have passed.


(b) Two thousand rupees were charged by him.




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Rule 10


କିଛି Nouns ଦେଖିବାକୁ Plural ଲାଗେ କିନ୍ତୁ ତାଙ୍କର ଅର୍ଥରେ ଏହା Singular ହୁଏ, ତେବେ ସେଗୁଡିକ ସହ Singular Verb ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ:

ଯେପରି: Physics, Mathematics, Economics, News, Gallows, Billiards, Innings, Wages, Alms etc.

ଉଦାହରଣ:


(a) No news is good news.


(b) Physics/Economics/Maths is a good subject.


(c) Billiards is a game.


(d) First innings was spoiled due to rain.




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Rule 11


Each ଓ Every ସହ Singular noun ବ୍ୟବହୃତ ହୁଏ ଓ Verb ମଧ୍ୟ Singular ହୁଏ:

ଉଦାହରଣ:


(a) Each boy and girl has to attend the function.


(b) Every man, woman and child was happy to meet with the President.


(c) Each minute and each second is precious.


(d) Each male and every female was protesting against that law.




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Rule 12


କିଛି Noun ଦେଖିବାକୁ Singular ଲାଗେ, କିନ୍ତୁ ତାଙ୍କର ଅର୍ଥରେ Plural ଥାଏ, ଏବଂ ସେସବୁ ସହିତ Plural Verb ବ୍ୟବହାର କରାଯାଏ:

ଯେପରି: Dozen, Hundred, Million, Cattle, People, Score, Thousand, Gentry, Police, Peasantry, Company, Alphabet, Progeny, Offspring, Clergy, Infantry etc.

ଉଦାହରଣ:


(a) The cattle are grazing in the field.


(b) A score were saved by him.


(c) Not less than a dozen were injured.


(d) The people were fully satisfied.


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