DAFFODILS BY WILLIAM WORDSWORTH

William Wordsworth (1770–1850) was a prominent English poet and one of the founders of the Romantic Movement in English literature. He is best known for his deep love for nature and his belief in the power of human emotions and imagination. His poetry often focused on the beauty of the natural world, ordinary life, and the connection between nature and the human mind.

Wordsworth's most famous works include "Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey" and "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" (also known as Daffodils). Along with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, he published Lyrical Ballads (1798), a collection of poems that marked the beginning of the Romantic Age in English literature.

His poetry emphasized simplicity, spirituality, and the importance of finding beauty in everyday life, making him one of the greatest poets in English literature.

ୱିଲିଅମ୍ ୱାର୍ଡସ୍ୱର୍ଥ (1770–1850) ଜଣେ ପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ ଇଂରାଜି କବି ଏବଂ ଇଂରାଜୀ ସାହିତ୍ୟର ରୋମାଣ୍ଟିକ୍ ଆନ୍ଦୋଳନର ଅଗ୍ରଣୀ ସ୍ଥପତି ଥିଲେ। ସେ ତାଙ୍କର ପ୍ରକୃତି ପ୍ରେମ, ମାନବୀୟ ଭାବନା ଏବଂ କଳ୍ପନାଶକ୍ତି ପ୍ରତି ଗଭୀର ଆସକ୍ତି ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ। ତାଙ୍କ କବିତାଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ପ୍ରାୟତଃ ପ୍ରକୃତିର ସୌନ୍ଦର୍ଯ୍ୟ, ସାଧାରଣ ଜୀବନ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରକୃତି ସହ ମନୁଷ୍ୟର ଉପସ୍ଥାପନ କରିଥାଏ।

ୱାର୍ଡସ୍ୱର୍ଥଙ୍କ ସର୍ବପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ କୃତିଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ "Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey" ଏବଂ "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" (ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସ) ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ ପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ। ସେ ସ୍ୟାମୁଏଲ୍ ଟେଲର୍ କୋଲରିଜ୍ ସହିତ ମିଶି Lyrical Ballads (1798) ପ୍ରକାଶ କରିଥିଲେ, ଯାହା ରୋମାଣ୍ଟିକ୍ ଯୁଗର ଆରମ୍ଭ ଚିହ୍ନିତ କରିଥିଲା।

ତାଙ୍କ କବିତାଗୁଡ଼ିକର ମୂଳମନ୍ତ୍ର ସରଳତା, ଆଧ୍ୟାତ୍ମିକତା ଏବଂ ଦୈନନ୍ଦିନ ଜୀବନର ସୌନ୍ଦର୍ଯ୍ୟର ଖୋଜ୍‌ ଥିଲା। ସେ ଇଂରାଜୀ ସାହିତ୍ୟର ଏକ ଅମର କବି ହିସାବରେ ପରିଚିତ।

I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze

wandered - move aimlessly ଘୁରି ବୁଲିବା

lonely-single-(the mind is free from all preoccupation) ଏକାକୀ

floats- ଭାସଵା

vales- valleys - ଉପତ୍ୟକା

at once-ହଠାତ

a crowd-plenty ପ୍ରଚୁର

host of - group of - a large number of something

beside the lake-ହ୍ରଦର ପାଖର

beneath- under ତଳେ

fluttering- nodding head left to right

breeze- wind ପବନ

Meaning of the First Stanza

In the first stanza of "Daffodils" (also known as "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"), William Wordsworth describes his own lonely and wandering mood.

👉 "I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,"
The poet compares himself to a lonely cloud floating high in the sky, moving aimlessly over valleys and hills. This shows that he was feeling isolated and alone.

👉 "When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host of golden daffodils;"
Suddenly, his loneliness is broken when he sees a large group of golden daffodils blooming together. The word "host" means a large number, showing that the flowers were spread everywhere.

👉 "Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze."
The daffodils were growing near a lake under the trees, and they were moving gracefully in the wind, as if they were dancing.

💡 Summary of the Stanza

The stanza shows how nature's beauty can break feelings of loneliness. The golden daffodils bring joy and liveliness into the poet's mind. It also highlights how simple things in nature can fill our hearts with happiness and peace.

ପ୍ରଥମ ଚରଣର ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅନୁବାଦ

ମୁଁ ଏକା ଏମିତି ଘୁରିଥାଏ ମେଘ ପରି,
ଯେଉଁଥି ଉଚ୍ଚତାରେ ଭାସେ ଉପତ୍ୟକା ଓ ପାହାଡ଼ ଉପରେ,
ଯେତେବେଳେ ହଠାତ୍‌ ମୁଁ ଦେଖିଲି ଏକ ଦଳ,
ଏକ ଅସଂଖ୍ୟ ସୁନାପ୍ରଭା ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସ ଫୁଲ;
ଝିଲିକିର ନାହିଁ, ଗଛର ତଳେ,
ପବନରେ ମନୋହର ଭାବରେ ନାଚୁଥିଲେ।

🎯 ଅର୍ଥ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା:

ଏଠି କବି ଏକା ଏବଂ ଦୁଃଖୀ ଅନୁଭବ କରୁଛନ୍ତି, ଯେପରି ମେଘ ମଣିଷରୁ ଦୂରେ ଭାସିଥାଏ। କିନ୍ତୁ ହଠାତ୍‌ ତାଙ୍କ ନଜରକୁ ଏକ ସୁନ୍ଦର ଦୃଶ୍ୟ ପଡ଼ିଯାଏ — ଏକ ବଡ଼ ଦଳର ସୁନା ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସ ଫୁଲ ପବନରେ ମନୋହର ଭାବରେ ନାଚୁଥିବା।

ଏହି ଦୃଶ୍ୟ କବିଙ୍କର ଏକାଏକା ମନକୁ ଖୁସି ଦେଇଥାଏ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରକୃତିର ସୌନ୍ଦର୍ଯ୍ୟ କିପରି ଏକା ହୃଦୟକୁ ଉଲ୍ଲାସିତ କରିପାରେ, ସେହିଥି ତାହା ଦେଖାଇଛନ୍ତି।

ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଶିଖ୍ୟା:
ପ୍ରକୃତି ଏକାତ୍ୱ ଓ ଦୁଃଖ ଦୂର କରି ଆନନ୍ଦ ଏବଂ ଆଶା ଦିଏ।

Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

continuous- ଲଗାତାର

shine- ଚିକ ଚିକ କରିବା

twinkle- ମିଞ୍ଜି ମିଞ୍ଜି ଆଲୋକ ପ୍ରଦାନ କରିବା

milky way- ଛାୟାପଥ( ଗ୍ରହ ନକ୍ଷତ୍ର ପୁଞ୍ଜ )

stretched- ଲମ୍ବି ଯିବା

never ending line- ଅସମାପ୍ତ ଧାଡି

margin- ଧାରା

bay- ହ୍ରଦ

at a glance-ଏକ ଥରକେ

tossing head- ମୁଣ୍ଡ ହଲେଇଲେ

sprightly- lively- ଜୀବନ୍ତ

ଦ୍ଵିତୀୟ ଚରଣର ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅନୁବାଦ

ନିରନ୍ତର ଭାବେ ଯେପରି ତାରାଗଣ ଆକାଶରେ ଆଲୋକିତ,
ଏବଂ ଦୁଧମେଘପଥରେ ଟପଟପି ଜ୍ଵଲନ୍ତ,
ସେମାନେ ଲାଗିଥିଲେ ଅନନ୍ତ ରେଖାରେ,
ଏକ ଅପାର ହ୍ରଦ ସୀମାଓଁ ଅଲଗାଇ।
ଏକ ଦୃଷ୍ଟି ଦେଖିଲି ଦଶହଜାର ଫୁଲ,
ଉତ୍ସାହୀ ନୃତ୍ୟରେ ମୁଣ୍ଡ ନଡ଼ାଇଥିଲେ।

🎯 ଅର୍ଥ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା:

ଏଠି କବି ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସ ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ତାରାଗଣଙ୍କ ସହିତ ତୁଳନା କରିଛନ୍ତି। ତାରାମଣ୍ଡଳ ଯେପରି ଅନନ୍ତ ଓ ଆଲୋକମୟ, ସେପରି ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସ ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ ବିଶାଳ ଅଞ୍ଚଳରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଥିଲେ।

"Ten thousand saw I at a glance" – କବିଙ୍କ ଅନୁଭବ ଅନୁସାରେ ମନେହେଉଛି ଏମିତି ଦଶହଜାର ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଏକସାଥି ପବନରେ ହସି ନାଚୁଥିଲେ।

🌼 ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଶିଖ୍ୟା:

ପ୍ରକୃତିର ସୌନ୍ଦର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଅପାର ଏବଂ ଅନନ୍ତ। ଏହା ଏକ ଛୋଟ ଦୃଶ୍ୟ ହେଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଏକ ମହାନ ଆନନ୍ଦ ଏବଂ ସ୍ଵାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ୍ୟନ୍ଦାନ କରିପାରେ।

The waves beside them danced, but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:
I gazed—and gazed—but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:

waves-ଢେଉ ଗୁଡିକ

beside- ନିକଟରେ

out did- ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରିଗଲେ, ଟପିଗଲେ

sparkling waves- ଉଜ୍ଜଳ ଢେଉ

glee- joy -ଆନନ୍ଦ

gay- happy- ଖୁସି

jocund company-ଡାଫୋଡିଲ ର ଆନନ୍ଦମୟ ଉପସ୍ଥିତି ରେ

what wealth- how much wealth- କି ଅପର୍ବ ଧନରତ୍ନ

Meaning of the Third Stanza

👉 "The waves beside them danced, but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:"

Here, the poet describes that the waves of the lake near the daffodils were also dancing in the breeze. However, the daffodils were even happier and more lively than the shining waves.

👉 "A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:"

Wordsworth says that no poet could remain sad in the presence of such a joyful sight. The daffodils were like cheerful companions, filling the poet's heart with happiness.

👉 "I gazed—and gazed—but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:"

The poet kept looking at the daffodils again and again, completely lost in their beauty. At that moment, he did not realize how much happiness and emotional wealth the sight would give him later.

💡 Summary of the Stanza

In this stanza, Wordsworth shows how nature's beauty can heal the human mind. The daffodils not only outshine the waves of the lake but also bring joy and peace to the poet's heart. The poet unknowingly gains a treasure of happiness just by observing the flowers.

ତୃତୀୟ ଚରଣର ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅନୁବାଦ

ହ୍ରଦରେ ତରଙ୍ଗ ନାଚୁଥିଲେ, କିନ୍ତୁ ସେମାନେ
ଉଲ୍ଲାସରେ ଇତିହାସକୁ ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରିଥିଲେ;
ଏମିତି ଆନନ୍ଦମୟ ସାଥୀ ମଧ୍ଯରେ, କୌଣସି କବି
ଏକା ଅଅଥବା ଦୁଃଖୀ ରହିପାରିବନାହିଁ;
ମୁଁ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଦେଖିଲି—ଏବଂ ପୁଣି ପୁଣି ଦେଖିଲି—କିନ୍ତୁ କମ୍‌ ଚିନ୍ତିଲି,
ଏହି ଦୃଶ୍ୟ ମତେ କେତେ ଧନାଧ୍ୟ ସମ୍ପତ୍ତି ଦେଇଥିଲା।

🎯 ଅର୍ଥ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା:

ଏଠି କବି ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଦୁଇଟି ସୌନ୍ଦର୍ଯ୍ୟ – ହ୍ରଦର ତରଙ୍ଗ ଓ ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସ ଫୁଲଗୁଡ଼ିକ – ର ତୁଳନା କରୁଛନ୍ତି। ତରଙ୍ଗମାନେ ଦୃଶ୍ୟରେ ନାଚୁଥିଲେ, କିନ୍ତୁ ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସ ଏମିତି ଉତ୍ସାହ ଏବଂ ଆନନ୍ଦରେ ଭରିଥିଲେ ଯେ ସେମାନେ ତରଙ୍ଗମାନଙ୍କୁ ମଧ୍ଯ ହରାଇଦେଇଥିଲେ।

ସେମାନଙ୍କ ସହିତ ରହି କୌଣସି କବି ଦୁଃଖୀ ରହିପାରିବନାହିଁ। କବି ଅଜାଣି ଅଜାଣି ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଅନମୋଲ ସମ୍ପତ୍ତି ପାଇଯାଉଥିଲେ, ଯାହା ଏଠି ମାନସିକ ସଂପଦ (spiritual wealth) କୁ ଉପସ୍ଥାପନ କରେ।

🌼 ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଶିଖ୍ୟା:

ପ୍ରକୃତି ଅଦୃଶ୍ୟ ଧନସମ୍ପତ୍ତି ଦିଏ – ମନର ସଖାପନ୍ଥା, ଆନନ୍ଦ ଏବଂ ସନ୍ତୋଷ।

For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.

oft- often- ଅନେକ ସମୟରେ

couch- bed

lie- I try to sleep

vacant mood- ଫାଙ୍କ ମନରେ

pensive mood- worried mood

they- daffodils

flash upon-ଉତଭାସିତ ହୁଏ

inward eye- ଅନ୍ତର୍ନିହିତ ଚକ୍ଷୁ

bliss of solitude-ନିର୍ଜନତା ର ଆନନ୍ଦ

fills-ଭରିଯାଏ

danceses with daffodils-ଡାଫୋଡିଲ୍ସ ସହିତ ନଚେ

Explanation of the Fourth Stanza 🌼

👉 "For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,"
Here, the poet says that many times when he lies down on his couch, feeling either idle (ଖାଲିମଣିଷେ) or thoughtful (ଚିନ୍ତାମଗ୍ନ), the memory of the daffodils comes back to his mind.

👉 "They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;"
The beautiful image of the daffodils suddenly appears in his imagination like a flash of light. This inward eye means the mind’s eye (ମନସ୍ତମେଜିନା), which helps him to recall happy memories during lonely moments. The poet says this solitude (ଏକାତ୍ୱ) is not sad but full of happiness.

👉 "And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils."
Whenever he remembers the daffodils, his heart becomes full of joy and it feels like his heart is dancing along with the daffodils in his imagination.

💡 Summary of the Fourth Stanza:

In this stanza, Wordsworth expresses how beautiful memories of nature give him comfort and happiness during lonely or sad times. Even when he is alone, the memory of the dancing daffodils fills his heart with joy and positivity.

🔑 Main Message:

Nature’s beauty is not only pleasing in the present but also leaves a long-lasting impression on the human mind. It can be a source of happiness during times of loneliness or sadness.

ଚତୁର୍ଥ (ଶେଷ) ଚରଣର ଅନୁବାଦ

ଯେତେବେଳେ ମୁଁ ମୋ ବିଛଣାରେ ଶୋଇଥାଏ,
ଅବସ୍ଥାନ ହୁଏ ଶୂନ୍ୟମନସ୍କ ଅଥବା ଉଦାସୀନ ମନଭାବରେ,
ସେମାନେ ମୋ ମନମନ୍ଦିରରେ ଉପସ୍ଥିତ ହୁଅନ୍ତି,
ଏହା ଏକାତ୍ୱର ସଖାପନ୍ଥାର ଆନନ୍ଦ।
ତାହାରେ ମୋର ହୃଦୟ ଆନନ୍ଦରେ ପୁରଣିଯାଏ,
ଏବଂ ଡଫଡିଲ୍‌ସଙ୍କ ସହ ନାଚିଯାଏ।

🎯 ଅର୍ଥ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା:

ଏଠି କବି ଦେଖାଇଛନ୍ତି କିପରି ପ୍ରକୃତିର ସୌନ୍ଦର୍ଯ୍ୟ ମନିଷ୍ଯ ମନରେ ଗଭୀର ପ୍ରଭାବ ଛାଡ଼ିଥାଏ। ଯେତେବେଳେ କବି ଏକା ଅଥବା ଦୁଃଖୀ ଅନୁଭବ କରନ୍ତି, ସେମାନେ ଏହି ସୁନ୍ଦର ସ୍ମୃତିକୁ ମନରେ ଆଣନ୍ତି।

ଏହି ଆନ୍ତରିକ ଦୃଶ୍ୟ କବିଙ୍କ ହୃଦୟକୁ ଆନନ୍ଦରେ ଭରିଦେଉଥାଏ, ଏବଂ ଦଫଡିଲ୍‌ସଙ୍କ ସହିତ ମନସ୍ଵପ୍ନରେ ନାଚିବା ଅନୁଭୂତି ଦିଏ।

💡 ମୁଖ୍ୟ ଶିଖ୍ୟା:

ପ୍ରକୃତି ମନୋସ୍ତାତ୍ତ୍ୱିକ ସଖାପନ୍ଥା ଦିଏ। ଯେଉଁ ସ୍ମୃତିଗୁଡ଼ିକ ଏକାତ୍ୱ ଏବଂ ଦୁଃଖୀ ମନରେ ଅନନ୍ଦ ଭରିପାରେ।

MCQ WITH ANSWER

The poet wandered lonely like
(i) a cloud
(ii) a bird
(iii) a kite
(iv) a beast
Ans: (i) a cloud
The clouds float over
(i) the rivers and seas
(ii) green fields
(iii) vales and hills
(iv) meadows and forests
Ans: (iii) vales and hills
All at once the poet saw
(i) a bunch of roses
(ii) a bunch of golden daffodils
(iii) a group of birds
(iv) a floating cloud
Ans: (ii) a bunch of golden daffodils
The poet saw the daffodils
(i) in the lake
(ii) in the woods
(iii) beside the lake beneath the trees
(iv) in the middle of the lake
Ans: (iii) beside the lake beneath the trees
When the poet saw, the daffodils were
(i) shining brightly
(ii) fluttering and dancing
(iii) singing melodiously
(iv) playing in the wind
Ans: (ii) fluttering and dancing
William Wordsworth is a ______ poet.
(i) a romantic
(ii) a modern
(iii) a Victorian
(iv) a metaphysical
Ans: (i) a romantic
The daffodils are
(i) a type of weeds
(ii) a type of creepers
(iii) golden coloured bell-shaped flowers
(iv) a lake-dwelling fish
Ans: (iii) golden coloured bell-shaped flowers
The daffodils are compared with
(i) the sun in the sky
(ii) the moon in the sky
(iii) the stars in the sky
(iv) the flowers in the sky
Ans: (iii) the stars in the sky

The daffodils are compared with the stars because
(i) both shine brightly
(ii) both are continuous
(iii) both are many
(iv) All the above
Ans: (iv) All the above

The poet saw the daffodils
(i) along the margin of a bay
(ii) in the middle of a lake
(iii) at the vales and hills
(iv) in a big garden
Ans: (i) along the margin of a bay

The poet saw number of daffodils at a glance.
(i) one thousand
(ii) ten thousand
(iii) a large number
(iv) uncountable number
Ans: (ii) ten thousand

The daffodils were giving a
(i) dull dance
(ii) beautiful dance
(iii) sprightly dance
(iv) eye-catching dance
Ans: (iii) sprightly dance

Which dance was better?
(i) wave dance
(ii) daffodil dance
(iii) star dance
(iv) flower dance
Ans: (ii) daffodil dance

The daffodil dance was better than the wave dance because
(i) it looked beautiful
(ii) The poet had attraction for it
(iii) It had glee
(iv) It had energy
Ans: (iii) It had glee

A poet could not but be in the presence of daffodils.
(i) gay
(ii) displeased
(iii) amused
(iv) disappointed
Ans: (i) gay

The presence of daffodils was for the poet.
(i) a boring thing
(ii) a jocund company
(iii) a time-pass
(iv) a waste of time
Ans: (ii) a jocund company

"What wealth the show to me had brought." Here "wealth" refers to
(i) money and gold
(ii) spiritual joy
(iii) landed property
(iv) a lot of happiness
Ans: (ii) spiritual joy

"What wealth the show to me had brought." Here "the show" refers to
(i) a great play
(ii) a magic show
(iii) the flower show
(iv) the display of daffodils
Ans: (iv) the display of daffodils
The daffodils come to the poet's mind
(i) in the day time
(ii) in the evening
(iii) in the morning
(iv) at midnight
Ans: (iv) at midnight

The daffodils appear in
(i) outward eye
(ii) inward eye
(iii) heart of heart
(iv) mental eye
Ans: (ii) inward eye

The blues of solitude was
(i) good sleep
(ii) many memories
(iii) recollection of daffodils
(iv) a novel idea
Ans: (iii) recollection of daffodils

"I wandered lonely like a cloud." It is a
(i) simile
(ii) metaphor
(iii) hyperbole
(iv) oxymoron
Ans: (i) simile

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